PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF THE INTERNAL COURTYARD (PATIO) ENVIRONMENT BY MEANS OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN IN BLOCK RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/naoma-bulletin-2026-5-4Keywords:
blocked residential development, landscape design, greening, p atio, environmentAbstract
The aim of the article is to determine the principles of forming patio-type inner courtyards through landscape design in low-rise residential developments and to develop recommendations for their planning, considering limited space, residents’ functional needs, and ecological requirements. Research Methods. The study employed analysis and synthesis of scientific sources, comparative analysis of domestic and international experience in organizing courtyard spaces, systematization of landscape design principles, and theoretical modeling of the spatial structure of patio courtyards. Results. It has been found that inner courtyards in low-rise residential developments perform recreational, social, and microclimatic functions and are an essential element of the residential environment. Key principles include functional zoning, integration of multi-level greenery, organization of convenient movement routes, and combination of active and passive recreation zones. Plant compositions improve thermal comfort and air humidity, while the combination of greenery, landscaping elements, and small architectural forms ensures aesthetic expression and functional richness of the space even on limited plots. Conclusions. The formation of patio-type inner courtyards requires a comprehensive landscape approach integrating functional, aesthetic, and ecological aspects. Rational zoning, multi-level planting, and integration of recreational elements enhance comfort and residential quality. The results can be applied in modern architectural and landscape design of residential complexes and in reconstruction of existing courtyards, considering social, beha vioral, and microclimatic aspects.
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