NORMATIVE UNCERTAINTY IN THE RESTORATION OF SMALL ARCHITECTURAL FORMS WITH HYDRO-TECHNICAL FUNCTIONS

Abstract

Purpose of the article is to consider methodological aspects of restoring small architectural forms with water-related function within architectural heritage sites. A regulatory gap has been identified regarding interventions in functional elements that do not have independent protection status but are an integral part of the architectural environment. It is noted that current regulations are mainly focused on volumetric-spatial structures, ignoring the specifics of technically loaded elements such as fountains and decorative basins. The widespread presence of such objects in Ukrainian cities confirms the systemic nature of the problem. Methods of the study. The research is based on analysis of regulatory frameworks, archival sources, photo documentation, and project decisions approved by heritage protection authorities. Comparative analysis revealed gaps in regulation, while practical restoration experience outlined the results of applying different approaches. Results. The author proposes the principle of a comprehensive approach to the heritage environment, according to which all components of a historical and architectural site, regardless of their functional load, are considered a unified protected whole. The permissibility of technical adaptation is substantiated, provided that the spatial structure, stylistics, and compositional role of the element are preserved. It is determined that functional restoration does not contradict authenticity but serves as a means of its preservation. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used to refine methodological recommendations for the restoration of small architectural forms and to develop project documentation under conditions of regulatory uncertainty.