ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL OF NAFAA (KSAI). HISTORY AND CREATIVE ASSETS OF STUDENTS

Abstract

The jubilee dates indicate that the architectural school of NAFAA (formerly the KSAI) – trained many outstanding Ukrainian architects who glorified Ukraine and the KYIVZNDIEP institute. Research methods. The basis of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the educational process at NAFAA (KSAI) – the personnel of teachers-architects, the creative path of graduates of this architectural school, in the conditions of the former USSR and in Nezalezhnaya Ukraine. Methods such as the individual approach of master-architect teachers to students, the systematization and generalization of the creative activity of KSAI – NAFAA graduates at the KYIVZNDIEP institute were used to solve the above-mentioned issues. The results. Five periods of formation of the 100-year-old school of architecture are defined: 1924–1930 and 1934–1941 the period associated with the formation of the Kyiv State Art Institute (KSAI); 1945–1950s and years – the period of the post-war revival of traditions in the formation of the Faculty of Architecture of KSAI; 1960–1980s – the period of the greatest achievements of the architectural school of KSAI; 1990–2000 – the period of formation of new approaches to the educational process and architectural creativity of NAFAA in the independent Ukrainian state. At the same time, the KYIVZNDIEP institute began its creative activity in 1963, and to which KSAI graduates of different generations were sent. This is the time of the development of typical design and industrialization of construction in the former USSR in the (1960s–1980s), which were marked by the creative phenomenon of the architects of KYIVZNDIEP, with the application of the latest methodological principles of design and creation of original architectural and artistic images of buildings and structures. These are outstanding architects and scientists: O. Zavarov, Y. Karakis, M. Grechyna, F. Yuryev, G. Kaporovskyi, O. Smirnova, E. Reprintseva, Y. Akhtyorov, P. Shaporev, D. Yablonskyi, I. Mezentsev V. Shtolko, V. Kryuchkov, F. Borovyk, A. Anishchenko, Yu. Nabok, O. Stukalov, O. Zybin, O. Lazarev, V. Vikharev, V. Kutsevych, V. Iriskin, O. Kabatskyi, S. Yezhov, M. Artemeniuk, O. Mikhnenko, S. Nesenenko and others. With the acquisition of independence and with the arrival of the third millennium, the architects of KYIVZNDIEP – graduates of KSAI – NAFAA were freed from the rigid bureaucratic pressure of state structures and their monopoly. Individual construction is introduced, which replaces the typical, panel construction with the possibility of flexible planning, inclusiveness and energy efficiency of all buildings and structures, as well as the return of artistic expression. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was determined that architects played a major role in the successful creative activity of KYIVZNDIEP – created outstanding architectural objects and conducted significant scientific architectural research.